*****WebDriver’s most popular Commands*****

Selenium WebDriver is like a magic wand to automation tester to test the web application. Selenium WebDriver has not only  made automation more Object oriented through it OOPs API  but it has also solve the  the most complaining performance of browser launching in Selenium 1.0 and the most important thing that has given a panacea to automation engineers’ hand is its ability to Single Host origin policy.
Selenium WebDriver has left more impact on functional test coverage, like the file upload or download, pop-ups and dialog’s barrier
Today I am going to post most common functions used in Selenium WebDriver to make a journey of automation testing through WebDriver

1. IsElementPresent/Text Present  function in Selenium WebDriver
   1. Finding elements by using function that take argument of By classprivate boolean isElementPresent(WebDriver driver, By by)
try{
driver.findElement(by);
return true;
}
catch(Exception e)
{
return false;
}
}

   2. Using the size to decide whether element is there or not
      if(driver.findElements(Locator).size()>0
{
return true
}else
{
return false
}
}
   3. Finding the text using the PageSource
      driver.PageSource.Contains("TEXT that you want to see on the page");
2. Finding WebElement  by using various locators in WebDriver
   1. Using ID  WebElement welement = driver.findElement(By.id("Id from webpage"));
   2. Using Name  WebElement welement = driver.findElement(By.name("Name of WebElement"));
   3. Using Tag Name  WebElement welement = driver.findElement(By.tagName("tag name"));
   4. Using Xpath  WebElement welement = driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath of  webElement"));
   5. Using CSS  WebElement welement = driver.findElement(By.CSS("CSS locator path"));
   6. Using LinkText  WebElement welement = driver.findElement(By.LinkText("LinkText"));
3. Fetching pop-up message in Selenium-WebDriver
   this is the function that would help you in fetching the message
   
public static String getPopupMessage(final WebDriver driver) {
String message = null;
try {
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
message = alert.getText();
alert.accept();
} catch (Exception e) {
message = null;
}
System.out.println("message"+message);
return message;
}
4. Canceling pop-up in Selenium-WebDriver
   public static String cancelPopupMessageBox(final WebDriver driver) {
String message = null;
try {
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
message = alert.getText();
alert.dismiss();
} catch (Exception e) {
message = null;
}
return message;
}
5. Inserting string in Text Field in Selenium-WebDriver
   public static void insertText(WebDriver driver, By locator, String value) {
WebElement field = driver.findElement(locator);
field.clear();
field.sendKeys(value);
}
6. Reading ToolTip text in in Selenium-WebDriver
   public static String tooltipText(WebDriver driver, By locator){
String tooltip = driver.findElement(locator).getAttribute("title");
return tooltip;
}
7. Selecting Radio Button in Selenium-WebDriver
   
   public static void selectRadioButton(WebDriver driver, By locator, String value){ List select = driver.findElements(locator);
for (WebElement element : select)
{
if (element.getAttribute("value").equalsIgnoreCase(value)){
element.click();
}
}
8.  Selecting CheckBox in Selenium-WebDriver
   
public static void selectCheckboxes(WebDriver driver, By locator,String value)
{
List abc = driver.findElements(locator);
List list = new ArrayListArrays.asList(value.split(",")));
for (String check : list){
for (WebElement chk : abc){
if(chk.getAttribute("value").equalsIgnoreCase(check)){
chk.click();
}}}}
9. Selecting Dropdown in Selenium-WebDriver
   public static void selectDropdown(WebDriver driver, By locator, String value){
new Select (driver.findElement(locator)).selectByVisibleText(value); }
10. Selecting searched dropdown in Selenium-WebDriver
    public static void selectSearchDropdown(WebDriver driver, By locator, String value){
driver.findElement(locator).click();
driver.findElement(locator).sendKeys(value);
driver.findElement(locator).sendKeys(Keys.TAB);
}
11. Uploading file using  Selenium-WebDriver
    public static void uploadFile(WebDriver driver, By locator, String path){
driver.findElement(locator).sendKeys(path);
}
12. Downloading file in Selenium-WebDriver
    Here we will click on a link and will download the file with a predefined name at some specified location.
    public static void downloadFile(String href, String fileName) throws Exception{
URL url = null;
URLConnection con = null;
int i;
url = new URL(href);
con = url.openConnection();
// Here we are specifying the location where we really want to save the file.
File file = new File(".//OutputData//" + fileName);
BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(con.getInputStream());
BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(
new FileOutputStream(file));
while ((i = bis.read()) != -1) {
bos.write(i);
}
bos.flush();
bis.close();
}
13. Handling multiple Pop ups                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Dealing with multiple windows in Automation Testing has always been a little tricky and require an extra effort.
    Before commencing, let us first consider a few situations when we are likely to deal with multiple windows.
    
    • Filling forms may require to select the date from a separately opened window.
    • Clicking on some link/button can kick-off yet another window.
    • Handling Advertisement windows

    Hence, we can come up with various scenarios depending upon the application.
    Now let us motion ourselves towards the challenge we face under above situations. The most particular of all is switching the focus from one window to another. Let us understand the same in the following way:
    
    Comprehending from the above figure, the entire process can be fundamentally segregated into following steps:
    Step 1 : Clicking on Link1 on Window A
    A new Window B is opened.
    Step 2 : Move Focus from Window A to Window B
    Window B is active now
    Step 3 : Perform Actions on Window B
    Complete the entire set of Actions
    Step 4 : Move Focus from Window B to Window A
    Window A is active now
    These are the steps which we can easily interpret out of the diagram, but there are a few more steps to add to complete this process and making our script execute. These steps don’t have visibility but plays a very vital role. Let us now re-consider the same scenario.
    Step 1 : Clicking on Link1 on Window A
    A new Window B is opened.
    Step 2 : Save reference for Window A
    Step 3 : Create reference for Window B
    Step 3 : Move Focus from Window A to Window B
    Window B is active now
    Step 3 : Perform Actions on Window B
    Complete the entire set of Actions
    Step 4 : Move Focus from Window B to Window A
    Window A is active now                                                                                                                Let us understand the same with a small coding example.
    

     public class MultiWindowHandle {
     WebDriver driver;
     @Before
     public void setup() throws Exception {
     driver=new FirefoxDriver();
     String URL="https://www.abc.co.in/";
     driver.get(URL);
     driver.manage().window().maximize();
     }
     @Test
     public void test() throws Exception {
     // Opening Calender
     driver.findElement(By.xpath("//img[@alt='Calender']")).click();
     // Storing parent window reference into a String Variable
     String Parent_Window = driver.getWindowHandle();
      // Switching from parent window to child window
     for (String Child_Window : driver.getWindowHandles())
     {
     driver.switchTo().window(Child_Window);
     // Performing actions on child window
     driver.findElement(By.id("calendar_month_txt")).click();
     List  Months=driver.findElements(By.xpath("//div[@id='monthDropDown']//div"));
     int Months_Size=Months.size();
     System.out.println("Month size is:"+Months_Size);
     Months.get(1).click();
     driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='calendarDiv']/div/table/tbody/tr/td[contains(text(),'16')]")).click();
     }
     //Switching back to Parent Window
     driver.switchTo().window(Parent_Window);
     //Performing some actions on Parent Window
     driver.findElement(By.className("btn_style")).click();
     }
      @After
      public void close() {
      driver.quit();
      }
     }                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

14. Wait() in Selenium-WebDriver
    1. Implicit Wait :
       driver.manage.timeouts().implicitlyWait(10,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    2. Explicit Wait:WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,10);
wait.until(ExpectedConditons.elementToBeClickable(By.id/xpath/name("locator"));
    3.  Using Sleep method of java
       Thread.sleep(time in milisecond)
15. Navigation method of WebDriver Interface
    
    
    1. to() method (its a alternative of get() method)
       driver.navigate().to(Url);
       This will open the URL that you have inserted as argument
    2. back() – use to navigate one step back from current position in recent history syntax == driver.navigate().back();
    3. forward() – use to navigate one step forward in browser history driver.navigate().forward();
    4. refresh() – This will refresh you current open url driver.navigate().refresh();
16. Deleting all Cookies before doing any kind of action  driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
    This will delete all cookies
17. Pressing any Keyboard key using Action builder class of WebDriver
    WebDriver has rewarded us with one class Action to handle all keyboard and Mouse action. While creating a action builder its constructor takes WebDriver as argument. Here I am taking example of pressing Control key
    Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
builder.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).click(someElement).click(someOtherElement).keyUp(Keys.CONTROL).build().perform();When we press multiple keys or action together then we need to bind all in a single command by using build() method and perform() method intend us to perform the action.
    In the same way you can handle other key actions.
18. Drag and Drop action in Webdriver
    In this we need to specify both WebElement  like Source and target and for draganddrop Action class has a method with two argument so let see how it normally look like
    WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name("source"));
WebElement target = driver.findElement(By.name("target"));
(new Actions(driver)).dragAndDrop(element, target).perform();